| Gall structure and specificity in Bostrychia culture isolates (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta)
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| John A. West1,*, Curt M. Pueschel2, Tatyana A. Klochkova3, Gwang Hoon Kim3, Susan de Goër4 and Giuseppe C. Zuccarello5
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1School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
2Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA
3Department of Biology, Kongju National University, Kongju 314-701, Korea
411 Rue des Moguerou, 29680 Roscoff, France
5School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand
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| ABSTRACT |
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The descriptions of galls, or tumors, in red algae have been sparse. Kutzing (1865) observed possible galls of Bostrychia but only presented a drawing. Intensive culture observations of hundreds of specimens of the genus Bostrychia over many years have revealed that galls appeared in only a small subset of our unialgal cultures of B. kelanensis, Bostrychia moritziana / radicans, B. radicosa, B. simpliciuscula, and B. tenella and continued to be produced intermittently or continuously over many years in some cultures but were never seen in field specimens. Galls appeared as unorganized tissue found primarily on males and bisexuals, but occasionally on females and tetrasporophytes. The gall cells usually were less pigmented than neighboring tissue, but contained cells with fluorescent plastids and nuclei. The galls were not transferable to other potential hosts. Galls could be produced from gall-free tissue of cultures that originally had galls even after transfer to new culture dishes. Electon microscopy of galls on one isolate (3895) showed that virus-like particles are observed in some gall cells. It is possible that a virus is the causative agent of these galls.
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| Key words:
Bostrychia; galls; Rhodomelaceae; Rhodophyta; unialgal culture; virus-like particles |
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