Polyphenol-rich fraction from Ecklonia cava (a brown alga) processing by-product reduces LPS-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo in a zebrafish model

doi:2014.29.2.165

Algae > Volume 29(2); 2014 > Article

Algae 2014;29(2): 165-174. doi: https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2014.29.2.165

Seo-Young Kim¹, Eun-A Kim¹, Min-Cheol Kang¹, Ji-Hyeok Lee¹, Hye-Won Yang¹, Jung-Suck Lee², Tae Il Lim³ and You-Jin Jeon¹^,*

¹Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea
²Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea
³Taerim Trading Co., Ltd., Jeju 699-932, Korea

*Corresponding Author

Email: youjinj@jejunu.ac.kr

ABSTRACT

Ecklonia cava is a common edible brown algae that is plentiful in Jeju Island of Republic of Korea. Polyphenols from E. cava have strong anti-inflammatory activity. However, a large number of the by-products from E. cava processing are discarded. In the present study, to utilize these by-products, we assessed the anti-inflammatory activity of the polyphenol- rich fraction (PRF) from E. cava processing by-product (EPB) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Four compounds, namely eckol, eckstolonol, dieckol, and phlorofucofuroeckol-A, were isolated and identified from PRF. We found that PRF suppressed the production of nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 in the LPS-induced cells. Furthermore, the protective effect of PRF was investigated in vivo in LPS-stimulated inflammation zebrafish model. PRF had a protective effect against LPS-stimulated toxicity in zebrafish embryos. In addition, PRF inhibited LPS-stimulated reactive oxygen species and NO generation. According to the results, PRF isolated from EPB could be used as a beneficial anti-inflammatory agent, instead of discard.

Key words: anti-inflammation; by-product; Ecklonia cava; polyphenol; seaweeds