Lithothamnion steneckii sp. nov. and Pneophyllum conicum: new coralline red algae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) for coral reefs of Brazil

doi:2012.27.4.249

Algae > Volume 27(4); 2012 > Article

Algae 2012;27(4): 249-258. doi: https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2012.27.4.249

Rodrigo Mariath, Rafael Riosmena-Rodriguez, Marcia Figueiredo

¹Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico de Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão 2040, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
²Programa de Investigación en Botánica Marina, Departamento de Biologia Marina, UABCS Km 5.5 carretera al sur, La Paz, BCS 23080, México
³Instituto de Pesquisas del Jardin Botánico de Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão 915, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

*Corresponding Author

Email: riosmena@uabcs.mx

ABSTRACT

Nongeniculate coralline red algae are a common element of the Brazilian coastal zone, especially associated to coral reefs. During the course of ecological studies at Parque Municipal Marinho do Recife de Fora, two species of non-geniculate Corallinales were the major organisms covering the reef. Analyses of the vegetative and reproductive features of the species were analyzed; indicating that one new species of the genus Lithothamnion is proposed here based on the combination of several features associated with anatomy of the tetrasporangial conceptacles in relation to other species of the genus for which modern accounts are available. This new proposal along with other new species, new combinations and range extension of some species of the genus based in similar features clearly suggest that stability in species delimitation is possible. The second species found Pneophyllum conicum represents a range extension of more than 6,000 km from the Pacific in to the Atlantic Ocean suggesting that some nongeniculate species are widely distributed. The occurrence and abundance of these species supports and emphasizes the need for an extensive taxonomic reassessment of coralline red algae in the context of Brazilian coral reef biodiversity.

Key words: biodiversity; Brazil; coralline algae; coral reefs; Lithothamnion sp. nov.; Pneophyllum conicum